Common Materials

     Staircases can be manufactured from a single material or a combination of different materials.

Below is an overview of the most commonly used timber and sheet materials in staircase construction.
MDF and plywood are frequently used for treads and risers where staircases are carpeted or painted, while solid timber is typically chosen for exposed finishes.

Pine

Pine is the most commonly used timber in staircase manufacture.
It has a straight grain, good structural stability and is easy to work with, making it ideal for both painted and carpeted staircases.
Pine offers an excellent balance between cost and performance and is often selected for full staircase structures.

Hemlock

Hemlock is a non-resinous softwood with a uniform colour and straight grain pattern.
It performs well structurally and is suitable for varnished, stained or painted finishes.
Due to its clean appearance and stability, Hemlock is often used where a consistent, knot-free look is required.

White Oak

White Oak is a strong and durable hardwood with a distinctive grain pattern.
It is highly resistant to wear and moisture, making it suitable for exposed treads and handrails.
White Oak takes staining and varnishing exceptionally well and is often chosen for premium staircase finishes.

Sapele

Sapele is a dark hardwood with a subtle red tone, similar in appearance to Mahogany.
It has a fine, uniform texture and good natural lustre, making it suitable for high-end staircase components.
Sapele is often selected where a darker timber finish is required to complement interior design schemes.

Black American Walnut

American Walnut is a high-quality hardwood known for its rich, dark colour and elegant grain.
It is commonly used for treads, handrails and feature elements rather than full structural staircases, due to availability of longer sections.
Walnut adds character and individuality and is typically combined with lighter materials such as painted risers.

Other tree species are also available. Ask for options.

Plywood

Plywood is an engineered wood product made from multiple layers of wood veneers bonded together with alternating grain direction.
This construction provides excellent dimensional stability and resistance to splitting.
Plywood is commonly used for staircase risers and structural components, typically in 12mm thicknesses.

MDF

Medium-density fibreboard (MDF) is an engineered material manufactured from wood fibres bonded under heat and pressure.
It has a smooth, consistent surface and is widely used for painted staircase components.
MDF is suitable for treads in appropriate thicknesses and for risers, although thicknesses below 12mm are not recommended for structural use.

Advantages:

• Consistent strength and uniform size

• Stable dimensions

• Takes paint and wood glue well

Disadvantages:

• Can swell if exposed to moisture

• Requires proper sealing

• Less resistant to edge fixing compared to solid timber